Companies that utilize electrical discharge machining use thermal energy to shape materials, rather than direct contact like traditional cutting methods. These industries consist of but are not limited to medical devices, aerospace, firearms, and prototype manufacturing. Since this process requires electrical interaction with the base material, electrical discharge machining can only be used on copper, steel, and titanium as they are conductive materials. Three different types of electrical discharge machining exist:
Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM)
Sinker
Spark erosion is utilized to remove metal to burn the electrode’s geometry into a metal component. Electrically charged electrodes are used to burn the geometry into a metal component during sinker EDM by sinking into the base material over a specified time duration.
Hole Drilling
High-pressure dielectric fluid or deionized water enters through a hollow electrode and exits through the electrode guide to remove eroded particles. The pressure created during hole drilling EDM is up to ten times more than sinker EDM. Deionized water is commonly utilized in each of these electrical discharge machining types to act as an insulator between the electrode and the workpiece.
Wire
A thin copper or brass wire is utilized to conduct electrical current between the electrical source and an electrically conductive base material. Computer-aided direction is used to ensure highly accurate cuts.
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